Valley of the Shadow
The Eve of War
Fall 1859–Spring 1861

1860 Census and Summaries

Distances to Major Institutions

Both Franklin and Augusta residences were clustered around social institutions. Franklin had more schools in closer proximity to residences.

Augusta

  • No residence is more than 5 1/2 miles from a town
  • No residence is more than 5 1/2 miles from a school
  • No residence is more than 5 1/2 miles from a church

Franklin

  • No residence is more than 6 miles from a town
  • No residence is more than 3 miles from a school
  • No residences is more than 5 1/2 miles from a church

The data are based on the GIS of Augusta and Franklin households—maps are derived from a D.H. Davison map of Franklin County, published in 1858, and Jedediah Hotchkiss map of Augusta County, published in 1870 and based on surveys completed “during the war.” The maps have been georeferenced at the Virginia Center for Digital History, using ESRI Arc Info to produce a Geographic Information Systems map and database of households based on U.S. census data from the population, agricultural, and slaveowners schedules.