Augusta County: Diary of Harvey Bear (1862-1863)

very windy Was in Staunton To Day hired Hardin to Col. Harman, day passed off quiet, no sales, very fiew men,

hiered Lyons [footnote: Later, Bear referred to Lyons as a "Man of Colour."] to chop, sent letter to J S Effinger Richmond concerning Plaster +c

pulled off corn two dry quit, hauled rails +c commenced sleeting in evening. wrote to Mr Lochridge concerning yoke steers,

still cloudy very dry Hauled 5 Loads wood to Churchville Very slippy + dangerous Hauling

Sunday Very cold rained + Snowed some at night

Chopping Wood Mr Sieg + Mr N H Hotchkiss rode over my farm to report to our Farmers Club next meeting

Cold + Cloudy

F. Club met to day at Mr Trimbles day passed off fine

[unclear: carried] Capt Hoovers sheep home, traded sheep with Saml Cochran

entered in bond with T. N. Lindsey as P M.

Brought Jack from Mr Sieg's to my house commenced Plowing sent Mrs Fisher 9 1/2 lbs Pork rained at night

Stayed at home all day (Fannie sick)

Plowing [unclear: Hill]

stormy

Sent team to Forge for Iron for Mr. Eurett rained + sleeted best part of day.

Went to see about a school for Rebecca eat dinner at F Hoovers found his babe sick

[unclear: prized] up negro House drisling rain nearly all day repaired sill Mssrs. Dedrick + Hotchkiss helped,

warm + cloudy went to church

Cloudy + warm some rain considerable Thunder + lightning

Cloudy + wet paid Mr. Thomas shoe at 5 80 bought 8 lb While lead 15^c lb sent 106 Dollars to C H Bear to [unclear: lift firm] note still ow him $5.12

still cloudy + damp some snow,

sent a letter to Jacob Hanger concerning the purchase of a yoke of steers settled with Mr Hizer Rec^d pay for Horse. Rec^d side soleather, Rec^d, Rec^d order of Ja^s Wilson Esqr for necessarys furnished Mrs Fisher + Mrs Grady, Claimants to County fund for sent a letter to Mr. Effinger (Richmond) for 2 Tun more plaster

choped on clearing 1/2 day Mr. Hotchkiss came over + [unclear: rived] out a lot of Plow handles. Commenced Snowing about 12 O clock snowed very fast + still snowing when night came on. heard to day my plaster is shiped.

Hauled manure on wheat sowed plster on the manure after spread, sowed narrow strip plaster on Wheat from stak at edge of manure to the fence corner above cherry + two cedar trees ground covered with snow now

Went to church,

went to Staunton Sidney went along left her, Deposited ninety five Dollars in bank (Valley) had Hotchkiss bill of sale recorded rec^d 21 Dollars 3 cts of county, paid one Dollar for recording bill of sale, received bill of Plaster +c of R W. Pierce +c Amt due him 56.18 Rec^d note of H. H. Teaford for Abram's board for this year to end with this year, 31st Decr 62

Returned Mr. Hizer 15 Fifteen Dollars (5 + 10) note for [unclear: current], Howard Huston here on his way to Rockingham,

Chopped clearing Ja^s Henry [footnote: James Henry was probably a younger relative of Harvey Bear. He appears as a member of the Bear household in the 1870 Census, but not the 1860 census.] Deposited 35 Dollars in bank, brought Sidney Home, very pretty day very war,

Killed Beef, rained all day

went to church Mr. Junken preached cut up beef in evening sent Mrs Fisher 47 +s also 3 1/2 lb Lard

went to church ground covered with snow this morning very sleppy riding received letter from Effinger containing recp^t of check sent him 56.16 called on Mr. Jed Hotchkiss saw his maps +c.

Sacrament of Lords Supper administered at our church to day Mr Junken assisted all the time 4 persons admitted in our church by Examination Mr. J Preached in Churchville in evening

Snowing early in morning Hardin came home this morning. Rebecca went up to her school, called and settled with Jacob Hanger, pai^d him choped wood for Mrs. Fisher

Thrashed off clover seed and covered apples in garden found them keeping pretty well, packed up 3 barrels to send to Richmond, Rec^d letter from Jacob Hanger, Ja^s Henry Started to school Salted beef 4th [footnote: This last line appears as a notation in the margin of the page.]

was going to butcher to day but rain prevented rained nearly all day, cleaned clover seed 2 3/4 bu^s filled 4 bags with B Flour 5 to each left empty barrel at mill Mr H. Harris came + stayed all night

helped dig grave for Mr. Snelling's Daughter Buried in evening, Miss Kate + [unclear: Angie] + Miss Teaford paid us a visit

put up new style + hitching rack Rec^d letter from Mr Burk concerning Plaster, Dr. Wilson paid me for 4 Tun Plaster $64.20, Ja^s Henry went to see Rebecca

was at church thin congregation

Sent Wagon to Staunton, for Plaster sent 3 barrels apples + 6 Bags B Flour to R to Taylor + Son, Deposited 101 Dollars in bank

Killed 6 Hogs weighing 1007 lbs average weight 168 lbs

Salted pork lightly, spread on floor put beef stake in pickle sent Biby 2 loads wood. sent Mrs Fisher 18 lbs chine [footnote: a cut of meat] +c

F Club met at Mr. Sieg's, was thier, sent Dennis to Staunton for plaster, also sent 1 load wood which he left on road, road very bad could not haulit,

Rec^d order from Ja^s Wilson to Furnish Mrs Grady 1.25 cts worth of provisions for Week it being her allowance from county fund. furnished her 5 1/2 lbs Bacon, plowing to day commenced [unclear: Pruning] orchard, Furnished Mrs Fisher 3 1/2 lbs Lard,

Snowing early in morning Dennis plowing + turned down 3 in. snow, Salted pork

was at Church very bad riding met + appointed delegate to got to Presbyty at Staunton on 20^th

Rained moderately all day Rec^d letter from Jacob Hanger concerning yoke steers,

Hauled wood to Chruchville 2 Loads Mr. Euritt 1 Mrs Fisher 1 Mr. Thomas Thomas paid 1 Dollar Settled with Mr. Lindsey ^{he fell in my Debt 14.16} sent $14.16 with him to Richmond to buy Cotton yarn, warm + Clear,

rained all day Andrew Ervine stayed until evening hauled Mr. Lindsey some straw brought it up [unclear: from] shop [unclear: sleeted],

went to Staunton Presbytary met + Rec^d Mr. Sam^l Brown's resignation + declared the Falling Spring church vacant. settled with Mosley + Taylor fell in their debt 5.63 paid, Came by Mr. Hoover's + Found him quite sick, River quite high, Plowed Mr. Hotchkiss + Mr. Dedrick Called both Stayed until after Dinner, Settled with Mr. Dedrick fell in his debt 4.30 credited the same in my book, let him have 14 1/2 lbs Bacon

Choped + Hauled wood with 2 horseteam, Plowed Hauled Mr. Euritt 1 Load ^{Rained all night},

Went to church at Churchville Mr. Arnold Preached at Funeral for Mr. Stephen Myers Children which had been buried some time before,

very pretty bright morning, commenced storming about nine oclock rained [unclear: some] wind blew very hard the balance of the day, blew over one of my Hay stacks, also a considerable amount of fence settled with B. H. Lickliter fell in his debt 1.82 paid him, Sent to Staunton fer 5 lbs Nails paid 15 ¢ pr lbs. ^{bought new Boots from Shoemaker for self + Hardin}

went to saw mill brought home 222 Ft plank b^t.- of Mr. Koontz am to pay him 2.25, worked cault did very well, fixt up hay stack, making boxes fer hens to lay in, had 1 shoe put on horse

very pretty morning, put up fence, ^{Brined my Pork,} Plowing, rained after Dinner,

Choped Wood + Haled 4 Loads to Mr. Biby, 1 To Mr. Dedrick, 1 to Rev Arnold, Mr. Thomas took measures to make slippers, Dr. ^Wilson Borrowed Horse To go to Staunton,

went to church, this day was set apart by the President for humiliation + Prayer, very windy + cold,

cut corn stalks, finished pulling corn had 2, 2 horse Loads hauled it in barn, Hauled some fodder in stable mow, ground frozen clouded up a while after dark ^{Took slipper patterns to Mr Thomas to make} Fannie Rec^d letter from Harrisonburg informing her that Bettie Effinger was Very sick, went to prayer meeting at night, furnished Mrs. Grady 27 1/2 lbs Flour furnished Lyons (Man of Colour) 14 lbs flour for one days chopping,

slight of snow, commenced rainging about 9 Oclock, started to Harrisonburg with Fannie ^{+ Frank} about 10 Oclock, found the road very bad commenced sleeting + snowing about 12 Oclock considerable Thunder + lightning between 12 + 1 Oclock, (something very unusual) we stoped at Mrs. Neffs + warmed + dride our selves ceaced raining we got along withe the exception of the road being Very bad arrived at H'Brg about 6 Oclock, was informed Bettie E. something better, stayed all night with Mr. Bell

next morning (3) called to see Bettie, started home with Frank between 9 + 10, commenced raining about 12 rained very fast stoped at Mrs. Neff's horses fed + dinner, arrived at home some time after dark nearly 8 Oclock,

Trees all covered with Ice, ground slightly frozen, Hauled corn to crib Hauled Mr. Thomas 1 Load wood Hauled in small stack Hay, Capt. Huff paid Mrs Grady's at (4 of 3.60)

T. N. Lindsey paid his at of 14.16. had George's Cault shod ^behind very hard to shoe, Trimed apple trees after Dinner, bought 4/4 [unclear: Angus] of Mr. Lindsey,

Huling Wood in fore part of the day Plowing after Dinner ^{wrote letter to Col Baldwin} Preserving Currents + berry's

Hauled Fodder 1/2 day hauled rock after Dinner went to funeral of Koontz's + [unclear: Biby's] children Rec^d letter from Fannie Bettie is better

went to church in morning in evening went to funeral of Helem's child,

raining in morning Dinner Plowing, pruning Trees, removed Turnips to seller,

sent 36 Dz egges 18 1/2 lbs Butter 2 1/2 bu^s Turnips 1/2 bu^s Beets to Staunton, lent Mrs Lindsey horse to go to her brothers, sent letter to Fannie enclosed $10 to her rec^d pay for Eggs +c 20^s for Eggs 35^s for Butter 50^s for turnips + came that the Malitia must report themselves in Staunton on Friaday next with two days rations to march immediately to Winchester

Sowed clover seed on rye in newground, received answer to letter from Col Baldwin,

this is the day our of our regular Club meeting, but postponed until next Wednesday, by request of Mr. [unclear: Greding] at whose house we meet, Election day for or against nullifying the constitution to kept open 3 days very votes polled to day I acting as one of the commissioners, sowed plaster on rye + grass in new field in the morning commenced raining about 10 Oclock came thunder, rained nearly all day bought first reader for Frank found sow with a litter of 10 pigs, (in woods,) hope they may do well, this evening at candle lighting was appointed for prayer meeting, none attended owing to the excitement, sorry for it,

Plowing, the Malitia order to report in Staunton, they returned in evening to report next morning, I attended the election all the time to day,

went to Staunton for Fannie we returned in evening, rained nearly all day, the Malitia ordered to report Monday, some men from our neighborhood disgraced them selves + familys by running to the mountain, to avoid being drafted,

went to church small congregation.

The 160 regiment of Malitia started for Strasburg where they have to report to Gen^l Jackson, Mr. Dinkles little Maggie Died poor child had to suffer immense sick some 20 days, she is to be buried to morrow 11 Oclock,

helped dig grave, very pretty day,

Farmer Club met at Mr. [unclear: Gredings], 7 members present, next meeting to be at Dr. Wilsons planted Peas in evening, commenced raining,

went to Mr. Shueys sale bought Old side saddle, roads very bad, rained lightly all day in evening rained harder at night quite hard

Snowing in morning

brought carriage body from saw mill

22

ground paint +c

Sunday was at church no preaching, Prayer Meeting

went to Staunton saw Mr Seig getting better, very cold, heard Federal troops left Winchester Gen. Jackson following them up,

ground paint for carriage heard this evening Jackson had a battle five miles this side of Winchester on last Sunday heard he was repulsed with considerable loss, not know how many the Federals lost,

settled with Mr. Hensel, Mr. Ervine called to day on his way to Mr. Crawford, did some spading in garden,

Painted carriage, worked in garden +c

Sowed clover seed + chopped on field above barn,

Sowed plaster on wheat above barn + on wheat + grass in second field above orchard rained in evening froze on trees +c

Sunday went to Church at Churchville

Sowed 3 bu^s Barley in Corn stalks field sowed the balance in Oats 14 bu^s plowed it in with double shovels without plowin with

planted a row potatoes in garden 1 row peas,

Planted Garden planted potatoes in patch behind Dry house,

painted carriage

Rained Hauled 1 Load to Everitt,

went to church,

painted Carriage, Sowed plaster in field next to newground went to Staunton, snowed + sleeted all the evening

rained sleeted + snowed both days made brooms, as many as 12

Farmers Club met at Dr. Wilsons, had a very pleasant time, Hauled wood 1 Load to Rev. Arnold 1 to Everitt 1 to Thomas, call to see Mr. Sellers in evening

Hauled Wood 1 Load to Mr. Helms paid 1 2 to Mr Biby 1 to Rev. Arnold pruned Trees in Orchard trimed George's Hair, made several chicken coops +c Have a young Calf

Hauled Leaves in barn yard Home company met at churchville + organized they are to meet next Saturday 3 Ocloc,

went to church

Sowed Oats it was too wet quite sowed clover seed where I sowed oats, harrowed corn after dinner, still cloudy + has been nearly every day since the 5^th)

Raining, brought 6 Barrels flour from Mill put it in smoke House Hauled C. 1 Load wood

Presbytery met at Union church Rev. Mr. Junkin preached the opening

was over every day adjourned to day very pleasant meeting

Dr McFarland preached rained very hard army

Sunday Sacrament very rainy very few persons at church Great Excitement caused by a move ment in the Army excitement on yesterday still continues rained all day

Rained all day + at night last night water high excitement not abated Gen^l Johnson passed through Churchville to day on his way to his army at West View took Dinner with Mr. Lindsey Mr. Emmerson at my house Mr. Price left this morning

went part the way with Rebecca on her way to her school, stoped at the camp near west View found the soldiers in fine Spirits

Great excitement concerning the move ment of the enemy some of their scouts in Jennings Gap took Wm Hite prisoner with two others. Nomber of our cavalry in churchville scouting the roads we expect the enemy in here Howard Hudson here

Sent 10 pieces Bacon to Mr. Lindseys 9 hams 1 Sholder, sent Mr. Dedrick 113 lbs Bacon sent Barrels To J Hanger

Sent Capt [unclear: Hottle] horse to aide to Mt Solon J. B. Sellers rode bay horse [unclear: Fan] To Rockbridge to have her out of the way of the Federals if they come in he is to sell her if not return her,

brought [unclear: brand] + some Flour from J. H. excitement still prevailing not knowing what the move ment of our army will be, the evacuation of the Valley seem evident, sold 76 lbs Bacon to Camp at Churchville

went to church but few numbers, Bishop Glossbrenner preached at churchville in evening large assembly sent 100 lbs Bacon to camp at Churchville Clar weather

Heard to day the Federals leaving the grass gone across Shannandoah Mountain Harrowed in corn ground Capt Hottle returned with horse sent G M. with him to coamp still clear

Sowed Oats cloudy rained some in morning, Shearing sheep, sent 10 bu^s Oats to Camp Churchville Rockbridge Cavalry

31 1/2 bu^s Oats by Mr. Myers, sowing Oats, washed Wool, Planted peas + Beans 30 bu^s Oats to Rockbridge Cavalry Cloudy some rain,

Cloudy + Drizling rain rained all night, 30 bu^s Oats Rockbridge Cavalry 70 1/2 lbs Bacon R. C, sowed clover seed

Clear this morning, shower rain at 2 Oclock, lent Andrew Ervine horse to go home to be back tomorrow Mare Souce Has a colt this morning boys repairing fence, pruned apple trees, sent Ja^s Henry to Staunton with a check from Mssers Hotchkiss to pay note in Col Baylors hands Baylor did not receive it 20 1/2 bu^s Oats to R Cavalry 6 to Churchville D^o [unclear: Daved] Bear Hopkins + Whitner stayed all night, with us,

Harrowing corn ground very pretty day, 29 bu^s Oats R. C. 60 lbs Bacon C. C. A Ervine returned with horse, Lieutenant Hanger Q. M. paid me $35 75-

went to church at Churchville Rev Mr. Arnold preached. Rev. Mr. Walker preached in evening

Commenced planting corn, sold 15 lbs Bacon ham to Capt Mc sold 71 lbs Bacon to R. C. 22 lbs to C. C. heard to day Gen Jackson bringing reinforcemtns to Staunton Federals at McDowal some this side Shannandoah Mountain expect an attack in a few days

Sold 41 lbs Bacon to Charlotte Cavalry, 61 lbs D to Churchville Ca finished planting in far field

Harrowing for corn helped J. H. B Sellers to plant corn Col. Johnson passing with his army through the Mountain,

Planting corn very pretty weather, heard cannon from 12 to about 3 Oclock supposed to be the federals on Bull pasture Mountain,

finished planting corn in chesnut tree field

Dennis + the boys helped C. B to plant corn, finished plowing in orchard, [unclear: rode] to Dr Wilsons

went to church at Churchville Rev Mr. Davis preached, Bishop Glossbrenner preached in evening

Sowed Oats in Orchard + Sowed orchard Grass + Clover after dinner commenced plowin in Mr. Hotchkiss's field,

Raining set out plants +ce.

Farmers Club met at Mr. Hotchkiss had a good time, Cavalry left Churchville, Genl Jacksons army came on this side of S. Mountain, raining nearly all day,

Went to church very few persons their wagons across the river [unclear: to day] in evening visited Army in Jennings Gap, returned home at dark found a lot of soldiers at my house for the night,

Rained all day Hauled 2 Loads Wood to Mr. Biby commenced plowing in orchard, helped Mr Hotchkiss to [unclear: scrape] manure, took Mare Huldy to Dr Wilsons, 3 soldiers here for the night with 2 Ambulances, Sidney + Ja^s H went to Mr. Trimbles, cloudy + warm Gen. Jacksons + Johnson's army near S. Springs,

went to church Churchville, Sacrament administered, Methodist,

Plowing at Mr. Hotchkiss, Plowing in Orchard at home, had Mare Fran to [unclear: Jack],

finished Plowing Orchard Marked calves, +c,

Planted corn in orchard some sugar Cane,

Election for Sheriff Commissioners of revenue +c, very few votes,

corn ground at Hotch

Planted corn rained slightly all day,

went to church at Churchville

took my Cattle to Mountain (7 head) Harden Plowing Corn

Planting potatoes in Orchard, received 147.75/100 Dollars of G. A. Hanger Q. M. have on hand 340$

went to Staunton lent Dr Wilson 2 horses + driver to haul a load of lumber to Staunton, helped Mr. Hotchkiss to haul Manure with 2 hands + one two horse wagon

Went round to hire teams to start to Winchester to morrow for stores taken by our army from enemy succeeded very well fixed up my team with Capt Sterretts.

Going with teams have charge of them have 80$n have 7.50$ for Mr. E. (Teams went by Staunton) Started to Harrisonburg by way of took Frank with me, stoped at mr. Ferry's out of a storm hailed considerable, arrived in Harrisonburg in evening but my horse at tavern stayed with mr. Bell,

Teams arrived here about 12 Oclock, paid Mr. Effinger $7.50 stayed all night with A. B. about 3 miles from town,

Started to over take teames, teames ordered back when they were a short distance below Mt Jackson, owing to the advance of the enemy,

passed through HB. loaded my teams with hauling from Rockingham teams, traveled up + crossed the South river, stayed all night on on the back of River rained during night very hard,

River fast fording, delivered our Loads at Staunton all safe, arrived home in evening

rained all last night waters very high rained all day

Wading Oats thining corn was sick all day,

Wm A [unclear: shipped] with us on his way home from army sick looking very badly went home with him in evening, stayed all night Fannie + Frank was along, left the boys to plant potatoes +c

went to Mountain to Salt Cattle failed to find them, returned home in the evening very tired found Mr. Boyd + Mr. Whitmere at my house, traveling out of the way of enemy,

went to Churchville to church Bishop Glosbrenner preached

heard cannonading from 7 Oclock until about 9 in the direction of Port republic, Mr. Byod + Whitmere started up the valley Plowing corn very cool in morning, commenced raining about 3 Oclock, rained until night,

raining sold steer to government sent him in Mr. Siegs lot he to receive pay for him weigh 966 lbs helped to lot of cattle beyond Staunton very little news to day concerning army Genl Jackson repulsed the enemy on yesterday with considerable loss to enemy has now in Browns Gap awaiting reinforcements, considerable of his men wounded

thining corn, set out potatoe slips,

F Clubs met at Chapt Sandersons, very pleasant time adjourned to meet 2^nd Thursday in August at Ja^s Wilsons Esq, quite clear + warm good day for wheat + corn, wheat threatened with rust, paid to F Club Ten Dollar for Mule ,

Sent by Ja^s F. Bell $129.50 to pay to J. B. Trimble, for Lindsey Wilson + [unclear: Bear] rec^d of Bell $28 for sheep replanted corn in Orchard

Plowed corn Ja^s Henry Plowing for C Bear

Went to church Churchville,

finished Plowin [unclear: one] corn at home went to field at Mr. Hotchkiss after dinner, very cool weather feels like frost,

still cool finished plowing at Mr. Hotchkiss, plowed Mr. Biby's lot

planted potatoes in peach Orchard Hauled Wood Plowed Mr. Arnolds lot + Mr Lechtilers, Mr. Nicholas Rhyon paid me 25 Dollars for Bacon got one years age

commenced plowing back of orchard for Buck Wheat, plowing + bowing corn, one hand mowing clover

plowing + hoeing corn all hands, Uncle Andrew us a visit

finished hoeing the upper field corn boy brought in lot of hay + went Fishing after dinner

went to church

howeing corn in chesnut tree field

went to mountain to salt cattle only found two,

working in corn boys mowing

working in corn

making + hauling hay

Sent Mr. Tates note by Ja^s Henry for collection he left it with Ja^s F Bell.

went to church at churchville

Plowing at Mr Hotchkiss for Buck Wheat made hay +c.

Ja^s H + Hardin helped Mr Hotchkiss to harvest finished plowing sowed B wheat plowed in

rained all day

Ja^s H + Dennis helped Mr H. to harvest finished sowing B Wheat in bottom sawed 5 bu^s Harvested [unclear: some] at home

Ja^s H + Dennis cutting wheat Harden Plowing back of orchard woed B. Wheat 2 bu^s + 1 bu^s Rye harrowed it twice G. M. went for Rebecca this evening, Cherry ripe

Cutting Wheat three hands from Mr. Hotchkiss

pd 50 in collection

cutting Wheat 3 hands from Mr. Hotchkiss

sent Ja^s Henry George + Hardin to Mr. Hotchkiss

sent Ja^s Henry to Mr. Hotchkiss still cutting at home Wheat dead ripe

Finished cutting grain by 5 Oclock, went to C B + cut after supper

rainin in the morning finished cutting C. B. grain after Dinner

Dennis + Hardin harvesting for themselves Cleaned Garden + sugar cane Ja^s Henry harvested at Mr. Sterretts after dinner

went to church

hoed pottatoes +c Ja^s Henry + Dennis plowing corn

Plowing Corn +c finished hoeing Potatoes + Beans rain in evening

Hauling in Wheat hauled 102 Dz out of field at barn, Shower of rain in evening Ja^s F. Bell here for hands to Harvest, W^m Sellers + Mr Wood here on a Visit, rained nearly all night was 7 Days cutting grain

Sent Ja^s Henry George Dennis + Hardin to help Ja^s F. Bell harvest very warm in morning rained about 1 Oclock continued all evening very gentle rain [unclear: rited] up my Wheat stacks in morning

Rained all day Mended Bridles +c

put brush to cucumber Vines, set out some sweet potatoe slips sold Dr Cosin 14 lbs Bacon 1/6

went to church Rained about 2 Oclock

Hauling in Wheat with two 2 horse teams Rebecca gave me 5$ on deposit

Hauling in Grain Finished Hauling Wheat

Plowin corn mowing +c brought Mr Bells mower down

Mowing with mower, cut C B. Oats

finished mowing in with mower put up hay +c Hauled C B. Oats

rained last night put up hay in meadow sent Mr. Hotchkiss 43 lbs Bacon, plowed Corn fine morning rained a shower about sundown

went to church

Stacked Hay in meadow

stacked Hay in field commenced cutting Oats

rained slower in morning plowed + hoed potatoes Hauled Oats in evening

Cloudy all day hauled in some Oats + hay finished cutting Oats in back field, commenced mowing in meadow at barn exchanged horses with Mr. Sickliter he wanting a gentle one to work in buggy

Hauling Oats

finished mowing meadow below barn put up the hay in evening finished hauling Oats open field cut oats in Orchard

went to Church preaching in evening by Mr. Walker in Churchville

Stacked Hay in meadow commenced mowing in back field

Hauled in Oats out of Orchard finished cutting hay in back field + put it all up cutting Timothy seed, sowed Turnip seed, helped C B put up hay in evening Rec^d Twelve Dollars of Mr. Harauf by the hands of C. B. J D Imbodens company of artillery camped at Mrs Siegs to night

Stacked hay hauled in grass seed rained at 2 Oclock dug potatoes in garden sowed turnip seed, J Henry helped Ja^s F Bell to mow +c

stacked hay for C. B. measured up 6 Bu^s potatoes to take to Staunton to morrow borrowed Mr. Lindseys wagon

went to Staunton Sidney along, sold potatoes at 3⁵² per Bu^s Bacon 35^c Rec^d for Bacon potatoes +c 39.50 paid 12 Dollar to Dr Chapman for Dentist Work done for Sidney

Went to Mountain to salt Cattle brought steer home, Sowed turnip seed in newground,

Went to church at Churchville

Hauling manure

Went to Rockingham

returned home Ja^s H George + Dennis helped Mr Hotchkiss to thrash after noon

Club met at Esqr Wilsons we adjourned to meet at Mr. Dudleys on the 2nd Thursday Sept, Rec^d of H. B. Sieg 57.86 for steer sold to Confederacy, p^d Mr. Sieg 1.75 for work done last summer, Ja^s H. + George helping Mr Hotchkiss to thrash

Still Hauling manure went to church at churchville Mr. H finished thrashing this morning about 9 Oclock

Went to church Churchville, Lutherans have a conference meeting

went to Church churchville - sacrament administer in Lutheran Church

Thrashed Oats

Thrashed Timothy seed +c paid Ja^s F Bell for Ja^s B Trimbles note against Lindsey Wilson + Bear 94.30 out of my own funds,

boys went to Mountain for [unclear: Whortleburg], pained Carriage +c

boys returned about noon got very fiew berrys two late nearly all gone, finished painting carriage,

Started to Harrisonburg had Frank along arrived their at 11 Oclock started back in evening put up for the night at Mr Coffmans, Hauled Mrs 1 Load Wood

Started home arrived about 1 Oclock, sent Capt Polmer 8 shoals at 10 lbs

went to Church

Wheat Thrashing Mr. Hotchkiss sent 2 hands + mules sent Capt Polmer 7 more shoals all weighed 675 lbs at 10^s $67.50 rec^d pay for them, Mr. [unclear: Ewen] Siblings was [unclear: burned] to day

put seed wheat in granery 90 bu^s, commenced thrashing for C. B.

finished thrashing C. B. Wheat 50 bu^s by noon or little after

still thrashing Mr. Hotchkiss 2 hands helping

finished thrashing at noon

Put Wheat to Mill 25 bu^s to J. Hanger's, 143 to
6 bu^s small [unclear: wheat]
20 " Tailings
Ja^s Henry helped J B to thrash

went to church churchville no preaching

Varnished carriage Mr. Walker here.

Went to Staunton p^d Chapman $7.50 for fixing Rebecca's teeth p^d $1.25 for Stone pitcher commenced seeding in corn

started to Presbytery, which met at Providence church went as far as Capt Goliday's

Went to the church it was opened at 11 'Oclock stayed all night with Mr. Withers

stayed all night with Mr. Hustens

I adjourned about 2 Oclock to meet at Tinkling Spring on second Wednesday in April next, had a verry pleasant meeting went back to Mr. Hustons

sacrament administered very large audience, held a collection raised 296$. went to Capt Martin's in evening for night

started for home, had a very pleasant night, found the day very warm met with rm. J Trimble he paid me 10$ for Rebecca arrived at home about 1 Oclock

in corn cutting clover seed +c

Went to funeral of J Hangers little girl, she died yesterday morning Rev Mr. Arnold preached

Finished repairing carriage +c

Went to church in carriage Rev Mr. Harris preached.

took Rebecca and Ja^s Henry to Brownsburg to school paid Mr. Trimble 120$. boys cutting corn.

Returned home

Made fire in dry house to dry fruit somewhat cloudy, no rain

went to church thanksgiving day

cutting corn Cleaned out ditch in meadow Killed shoat weighed 50 lbs

working at corn + plowing over corn ground

went to church

Cutting corn plowin in cornground went to Staunton

Working at corn +c

Rained a little this morning not enough to wet ground, cut timber for hog per pen. Mr. Dedrick helped after dinner

Mr. Dedrick hewing [unclear: timber or lumber] for hog pen plowing over corn ground in newfield that has been sowed 10 Days ago

Working at hog pen

put up Frame for hog pen Mr. Dedrick quit this evening he helped 3 1/2 days at $1.50 per day opened Barrel flour

Went to church

Cutting B Wheat +c

Riving out clabboards Mr. Dedrick helping, Hauling logs to mill

paid C B ten dollars for Rev Walker Hauling saw timber to mill Mr. Hotchkiss sawing Henry home for Dinner he went with me to see steer Which I wish to buy of J H. B. Sellers, offered him thirty five Dollars for them

went to Staunton to attend Synod, I found a verry good attendance for the times. Sermon by Rev. Mackelwain very good Mr. W. Made a sheet in the evening concerning chaplancy

Fannie + Sidney accompanied me to synod to day, Rev. Mr. Boman preached Mr. Bancock had an address concerning chaplancy to army, feeling

worked at hog pen +c

went to preaching Rev Mr. Barr preached, he also preached in Churchville in evening

Worked at hog pen my self

Mr. Dedrick here at work

Thrashed Buck Wheat +c

finished B. wheat had a very small turn out only 20 bu^s in all went to club meeting at Mr. Dudleys, adjounred to meet at Mr. Rondabes the 2ⁿ Thursday in Oct.

Went to see Mr Hite about going for salt

Went to Staunton for sumons in Siegs case finished hog pen to day Mr Dedrick Worked at it in all 9 Days at per day put hogs in it in evening, Went up to Mr. Lasleys to see about sending Dennis with him for salt he agreed to take charge of him, he consented to do so, I p^d him Sixty Dollars to perchase salt +c

Went to church

Started 2 horse team for salt Capt Sterrett put in one horse, Dennis driving [unclear: borrow] 5 hogs of Mr Gardner for Sterrett Sterrett put in 5 hogs feed I put in six + five empty bags, Came by Ja^s H Bear's p^d him $403.45 noted executed to him by Lendry Wilson + Bear [unclear: firm] Money 32$ the bal my own Money $371.75 Which I have charged in my day book, paid postage to Lindsey on Register, Whig 1 quarter, or childs

Gathering corn at Mr. Hotchkiss. Rev Mr Morten from Loundon C^o here

finished gathering corn at H very bad turn out not more than three or four bu^s pr acre Mr. Martin left here this morning about 5 Oclock for Richmond

Sowed rye for J. H. B. Sellers finished gathering fodder at Hotchkiss

Went to Shoemakers (Wheeler's) had half soles cut out for shoes +s bought 16 1/4 lbs soleather at 6 1/2 lbs of Hizer at 6/ + 10/6 Went to church Rev Mr Preston preached he came home with us for Dinner, Opened barrel Flour. Hauled C. B. 2 Loads Wood

Went to church went to Staunton in evening

Went to Church Mr. Preston preached Mr Martin Preached in evening at Churchville

Sowed Wheat for Sellers they Borrowed 4 bu^s seed wheat shucked corn this evening

Mr. Martin started home, Mrs. Shaver + Daughters came here made fence around hay stack

Picking Apples +c

Sowed 2 bu^s Wheat in orchard plowed it in both ways with double shovel.

Sowed Wheat in sweet potatoe patch 1 bu^s

Sowed 1 bu^s Wheat in newground made Cider for Vinegar brought 2 barrels of flour from mill

Rained last night rained all day Mr. Walker preached at Churchville

Still raining this morning cleared off about 4 Oclock started a plow,

Plowing +c

Plowing shuckin corn +c

Three of Sniders boys helping to shuck corn

Very pretty weather got plow [unclear: paint] of Mr. Hotchkiss. Dennis returned home with 1500 lbs salt sent half of it to Capt Sterrett

Took apples to Staunton sold for 151- bu^s deposited 30 Dollars in Bank

Went to Church

Notified to be in Staunton to serve in a jury, jury was made up before I got their, Deposited 20 Dollars in bank, Sniders 3 boys shuck corn

Sniders boys shucking corn + brought back sheep

Planted onions

Divided Salt with Capt Sterrett Sowed Wheat after Dinner

Finished [unclear: Drilling] Wheat sowed 8 1/2 bu^s very cold wind from the north quite dry cant plow any more until it rains, Hauled C B 4 Loads wood (cold)

put away Cabbage Hauled Ashes on Wheat in Orchard

Went to church Churchville Cold

Choped Wood Sniders boys helping hauled Mrs. Knowles 1 Load 4 to Mr , bought 1 pr steers of

Chopping Wood Mr Sniders boys helped haul 1 Load + Mr Ewell 4

Killed 6 hogs very pretty day Mr. [unclear: Ewell] + family came to see us

Went to Sale of Mr. property

Salted pork . Ervine returned home hauled Mr. Lindsey 1 Load Wood Shucking corn The Farmers Club met at Mr. Rondabushes adjourned to meet at Mr. S. C. Wilsons or my house on the second Wednesday of Decr 5 1/2 Oclock

Found my stray calf at Mr. G. Baylors brought it home

Went to church Churchville

Hauled Mr. Biby one Load Wood paid [unclear: Jerry] John 100 Dollar for one yoke steers

Sold Mr Trimble 4 Steers + one cow for 270 Dollars. bought a yoke of steers of Jerry Johns paid 150 Dollars

Delivered cattle to Tremble Thrashed Oats (Fran Coult)

put away Oats had 60 bu^s put away 43 bu^s for seed

put 25 Flour Barrels in Rennolds Mill Gathering Corn

Went to Mountain for pine got a very good Load

Went to church

Gathering corn

Sowed 3 bu^s Rye on cornground harrowed it in it had been sowed in Sept, but the dry weather caused it not to come,

Hauling Wood

Butchered 13 hogs

salted pork

Plowed garding

Went to church

Hauling fodder Hardin helped Mr. Sellers to butcher

finished hauling Fodder out of one field Hauled C. B. 1 four horse Load Wood hauled Mr Biby's two horse Load.

Went to Funeral G. A. Wilsons child Dennis Hauled Mr. Stover one load pine from Mr. Shaver's,

Chopping + Hauling Wood

Hauled C. b. 2 Loads Wood Snowed.

Went to the funeral of Jacob Hangers child boys cut Wood on wood pile

Went to church at Churchville

put out stove chopping Wood +c

In company went down to Mr. Rondabush to look over his farm that we might report at our next Club meeting Hauled coal for Mr Everett Hauled Mr Biby Loads Wood 2 horse

Hauling Coal for Mr Everett (2 Days)

Club met at my House, Mr. Jn^o Sellers paid me 22 Dollars for Vicks pine, Mr. Jn^o Trimble paid me 270 Dollars for Cattle, Sent my wagon above Middlebrook for corn for Mr. Lickleter, Election held to day for Delegate to Legislature,

Had hands + shuck corn in barn

put corn in crib Wagon returned gone 2 1/2 Days Mrs Johns p^d $32.24 for Lindsey Wilson +

Went to church

Thrashed clover seed H Ervine stayed all night with us last night on his way home

Finished thrashing clover seed had about 2 bu^s rained last night started a plow after Dinner paid Jn^o H. Bear $205.75 + took in my check for that amount which I have him some time since, Mr. Everett paid me $127.55 the Amt of his note.

Went to Staunton Mr. Lickleter paid me $15.75 - . Deposited $200. In Bant Cash in hand $67.35

Choping +c

Sent for Ja^s H + Robert Jacob Hanger went, finished plowing

Children return from school, Hauling wood,

Went to church Churchville

Butchered 9 hogs sold 843 lbs to Dr Donaghe at 25

Delivered pork Sold 6 Barrels flour @ 14$ 36 1/2 lbs Bacon 31-amount received for pork +c $311.75 bought Rebecca's Bonnet home paid Mrs Stephens $11. For repairing bonnets

Joshua chopping Wood Harden Hauling Sowed 1 1/2 bu^s Rye Hauled Mr Thomas 1 Load Fodder $10.

Christmas Dennis + Hardin Hauling Wood for themselves

Hauled CB 4 Load Wood I went to church

I went to church Dennis + Harden take Holiday

Went to church Sacrament administered

Hauled 4 Loads Wood to Mrs Taylor 1 to Rev. Mr. Arnold I went to P Burkholders he was from home Mr. B. was from home

Returned home

Hauled Wood 2 Loads to Mr. Stover 2 to Mr. Biby 1 to Mr. Arnold

Went to Staunton Sold Hardin for 1950.00 I left the check with Capt Peck for amt found a blanket on my way home Mr. Teaford paid me 124$ Uncle Abrams board

Splitting wood on clearning + Hauling Mrs Walker + Miss Martha all night with us went to Loch Willow to exhibition

Saturday Boys have holiday

went to church

Splitting + Hauling

working on clearning

Club met at Mr. J. Wilsons had a pleasant time next meeting at Mr. Geedings cutting stalks Mrs. Gooch at my house

working on clearing, sent wheat to mill

Working in clearning +c

went to church

Hauled cord Wood for Mr. Lindsey, Hauled fodder.

Finished Hauling fodder commenced Hauling tan bark to Mr. Heizer's

Finished Hauling Bark had 9 cord at $20 pr Cord to be p^d in Leather at $1.50 pr sole + $2.00 for upper

Working in clearing. Laid up with Rheumatism paid Mr Ziegler $100 for W. + B. Owe Z 79 cts

still laid up

Hauling Ice in Mr. Lindseys House

boys working on clearing Miss Seigs + Mrs Hotchkiss here commenced snowing in eveing Mrs H Stayed all night

Snowed all night 15 in deep wet + heavy, warm.

Snow melting slowly Dennis + Ja^s Henry Thrashing Rye with Flails Fannie took shirt to Mrs Cousin's to make.

Still warm Rec^d Coffee of Mr Lindsey finnished thrashing had bu^s Rye still housed up with Rheumatism, (better)

Hauled wood 2 Loads to C. b. 1 to Mrs Fisher 1 to Gregory Hauled some straw to Mr. Lindsey sold Mr. Gregory 29 lbs Bacon he still owes me 60

laid up still with Reumatism

boys working in clearning Willie Bear here

Sent doller with Willie to Mr. Ervine raining in morning. Settled with mr. Judson, owes me 68 lbs flour boys in clearning

Snowing all day

Killed Beef made a broom Dennis sprained his ankle

Nothing doing

Cut up beef + sold Mr. Gregory 1 Barrel Flour 14 Dollars to 30 lbs Beef 15.

Went to church Mr. Walker preached at churchville in evening

Dennis helped Dr. Wilson to thrash

Dennis helped Dr to thrash Ja^s Henry took plow point pattern to Harrisonburg

Hauled Jn^o. Powers 1 Load Wood Mr. Biby 1 Load Mr Taylor 1 Load Do Cousins 1 Load

Snowed all day

Hauling Manure or Wheat

Hauling manure bought Plank from saw mill sent 6 Flour Barrels to [unclear: Trinity] to mills. rec^d of Mr. Gregory let him have 14 1/2 lbs Bacon

Went to church

Hauled cord Wood for Mr. Lindsey 1 Load to Mr. Stover. Settled with Mrs. Hotchkiss they fell in my debt 26 10

Went to Hotchkiss sale talked with Capt Sterret about settling the I left it to J. G. Stover + H. B. Sieg to set the price on horse + wagon they set the price at 60 cts per day for both

Boys choping rained after noon

Went to Club meeting met at Mr. Geedings Hauled 5 Loads Wood to Rev Arnold Capt Hottle called a while in eveing Andrew Ervince her for the night Mr. Hotchkiss called Mr. Snider + 2 boys here choping

Commenced plowing Snider + Boys here choping Started 2 plows too wet

Plowing settled with Mr. Biby Sent calf Skill to Swope

Went to church

Carried Carriage spring to Capt Polmer to mend settled with him, got a plow point of Mr. Hotchkiss (hill side) bt two collars of Mr. Biby for 6$

Snowing all day sent 3 single trees to Mr. Everett + chains to mend

Hauling manure part of day rained all day

Hauled manure on meadow brot 6 Barrels Flour from mill let plank from mill bought 47 ft lumber from Lickleder for Hanover

Hauled 1/2 Day for Mrs Hotchkiss. Sled of Potatoe patch, was up at Mr. Swopes tan yard Rev Mr. Arnold paid his of $13.25 Mr. Biby repaired collar for carriage harness

Huling Manure, went to Mr Evenes Fannie + Frank along. comemnced Snowing about dark snowed all night,

Snowed nearly all day,

Started home left carriage very bad riding,

Haled out Straw stack boys hauled hay stack in yesterday

Hauling manure on cornground

Rained all day had stove doon mended Settle diwht C. B. pd him 20$

hauled wood to churchville 2 Load to Mrs Taylor 2 to Biby,

Hauled 2 Loads to Mrs Taylor 1 to Biby 2 to Powers + 1 to Mr. Arnold I went to Mr H. Sale no sale, made Hot bed in evening

went to church churchville. Mrs Taylors smoke house burnt down Last night

Plowing. Sent Mrs Taylor a piece Bacon

Rec^d of Mrs. Knowles 4$ Plowing had a very heavy snow storm which lasted about 15 minutes,

Plowing very cold considerable cold + snow +c very little plowing dun

F Club met at Dr Wilsons. I was elected Secretary next meeting at Rob. Chochrans

Sowed Barley + some Oats snowed before I got it harrowed in Conference of the M. Church met at Churchville M. South + May Ball staying with us

sowed clover seed this morning + Orchard Grass in field back Orchard

rained last night water high sent Preachers to Staunton by the Bredger

Plowing

went to church, went to Henry's. brought upper Leather from Mr. Hizers, Mr. Ervince here on his way to Mr. Hustons.

rained nearly all day. took Leather to Mr. Smith,

went to church

went to Staunton Sent barrel Apples to Richmond to Tyler + Son to sell, bought 50 peach trees 6 Apple of Mr Davis

Snowed nearly all day took Leather to Mr. Smith Settled with him paid him $17 00 have a young Lamb

Plowing

plowing plowed potatoe patch,

Setting out fruit Trees planted potates on Friday in garden Sowed cabbage seed. Finished setting out trees today

went to church

Sowing Oats finished plowing for Oats + Sowing Oats on Friday

Planted potatoes

went to church

finished sowing clover seed

Huled Hay stack

Went to Staunton Deposited 280 Dollars in bank got 9 plow shears of Mr Eubanks

Dovoded Sweet potatoes,

went to Staunton Deposited 1100 $ with agent for Coupon bonds drew out of Bank 775 Dollars

Sorrel mare has made a mule coult cow has a calf covered Grainery

Raining cliped 11 head sheep washed wool same day hailed considerable

finished cliping sheep 11 head washed wool same day

Rone mare has a coult Took 4 Sorrel mares to Jack commenced planting corn on 28 Apl, Sent Fan to

Finished planting the [unclear: two] Fields

Club met at Capt Gundersins adjourned to meet at Ja^s Wilson Esqr.

planted potatoes

planting corn in newground

Had coalts operated on by Mr. Holler paid three Dollar a piece

borrowed 90 Dollars of Mr. Lindsey started with Mr. Trimble to Wood stock for a cane mill

Sold Mr. Donalsen + bargained for a mill. Returned home + arrived

Planted Pumkin seed + weighed wool 83 lb 8 1/4 lb for government

Went to Staunton.

Met at Churchville to divide cotton finished Wednesday

went to Staunton Deposited 700 $ for registered bond

Club met at James Wilsons. adjourned to meet at H. B. Seigs 2^d Thursday in June

Distributed cotton

coloured wool +c

took 5 head cattle to Mountin. left them on top at grasy place

went to see Mr Bradon in [unclear: gap]

Mowed Hauled in some very dry no rain Since 15^th May

commenced Raining

Rained nearly all day

Set out Potatoe plants sold Mr.

Commenced Harvesting rained nearly all day